noun
mass noun
“Close observation or recording of the government, police, etc., by
members of the public, typically using personal devices such as video
cameras and smartphones. Also: the recording or documenting by members
of the public of their own or other people’s activities using such
devices. Often contrasted with surveillance.”
More generally, though, sousveillance has a wider usage in regards to the Greek principle of alethia (unconcealedness), and pertains to systems such as AI (Artificial Intelligence) that are auditable, understandable, and explainable to any end user without the need for special permission or special request. Systems such as free-open-source operating systems are said to be "sousveillant systems".
Bibliographic Reference Citations from Wikipedia.org:
S. Mann; J. Nolan; B. Wellman. (2002). "Sousveillance: Inventing and Using Wearable Computing Devices for Data Collection in Surveillance Environments". Surveillance & Society. 1 (3): 331–355. doi:10.24908/ss.v1i3.3344, also in Surveillance & Society 1(3), 2003
"Sousveillance: Inverse Surveillance in Multimedia Imaging, by Steve Mann, in ACM Multimedia 2004, pp. 620–627
"Keeping a Close Watch", by Kingsley Dennis, Sociology Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK, 2008 July 30th, in The Sociological Review
Vol. 31, Issue 2 – April 1998 "Reflectionism' and 'Diffusionism':
New Tactics for Deconstructing the Video Surveillance Superhighway",
in Leonardo, pp. 93–102
University course on sousveillance Home › Courses › Course Catalog › 290. Surveillance, Sousveillance, Coveillance, and Dataveillance 290. SURVEILLANCE, SOUSVEILLANCE, COVEILLANCE, AND DATAVEILLANCE
International conferences on sousveillance: "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-09-05. Retrieved 2010-08-15. and [1]
WiReD magazine, Clive Thompson, "Establishing Rules in the Videocam Age", 2011 June 28
Reflections on the Vancouver Riots, Vancouver Observer, 2011 June 28
Michael, Katina; Michael, MG. "No Limits to Watching?". cacm.acm.org.
Monahan, Torin (2006). Surveillance And Security: Technological Politics And Power in Everyday Life, p.158. ISBN 9780415953931.
Course developed by New York based artist Joy Garnett and taught initially at the City College of New York's Digital and Interdisciplinary Art Practice MFA program (DIAP): "Sousveillance: The Art of Networked Surveillance: Decoding the Social and the Private"[2]
J. Bradwell and K. Michael. Security workshop brings 'sousveillance' under the microscope. 2012.
S. Mann. Veillance and Reciprocal Transparency: Surveillance versus Sousveillance, AR Glass, Lifeglogging, and Wearable Computing. IEEE ISTAS 2013, Pages 1-12
Alternative definitions of both sur- and sous- veillance (the act of watching), in addition to the definition above, include:
Surveillance is defined as cameras (or other sensors) affixed to property (real-estate, e.g. land, by way of posts or poles, or buildings), whereas sousveillance is defined as cameras (or other sensors) borne by people.[18][19][20][21]
Surveillance is the veillance of the authority (i.e. the veillance that has the capacity to prohibit other veillances), whereas sousveillance is the veillance of plurality (i.e. "crowd veillance" or watching, sensing, or the like, done by non authorities)[4].
Sousveillance has also been described as "inverse surveillance",[2][22] based on the word surveillance (from the French sur, "from above", and veiller, "to watch"), and substituting the prefix sous, "from below".
Moitroux, Pola Catherine. "Countermovement to Constant Surveillance: A Combined Study Examining Acceptance and Motivation Factors Leading People to Engage in Different Forms of Sousveillance". BDM Master Thesis: 1–72.
"Avoiding Big Brother". Classy's Kitchen. February 26, 2003.
Douglas McArthur, "Flights of Fancy", Toronto Globe and Mail, December 29, 2007, p. R16.
Clark, Campbell; Ingrid Peritz; Ian Bailey (2007-08-25). "Sûreté du Québec to review practices". Globe and Mail. pp. A5. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007.
Mann S. (2005). Sousveillance and cyberglogs. A 30-year empirical voyage through ethical, legal and policy issues. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 14(6), 625–646.
Scheindlin, Shira A. (2015). Will the widespread use of police body cameras improve police accountability?. Peter K. Manning. pp. 24–27.
Friedman, Uri (December 3, 2014). "Do Police Body Cameras Actually Work?" – via The Atlantic.
Leonardo 36(1), 2003, pp19-26. (This article was given the 2004 Leonardo Award for Excellence.)
Alex Preston (August 3, 2014). "The death of privacy". The Guardian.
"How safe is your quantified self?" (PDF). 2014.
"Website of the records generated for 36 years". 2014.
"Alberto Frigo: A 36-year Tracking Project". 2014.
Mann, Steve, and Joseph Ferenbok. "New media and the power politics of sousveillance in a surveillance-dominated world." Surveillance & Society 11, no. 1/2 (2013): 18.
Holland, Janet, ed. Wearable Technology and Mobile Innovations for Next-Generation Education. IGI Global, 2016. Page 115, in Chapter 6, Wearable Cameras, Alessio Drivet, University of Turin, Italy
Mehdi Khosrow-Pour, DBA; Steve Clarke; Murray E. Jennex; Annie Becker; and Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko, Wearable Technologies: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications, IGI Publishing Hershey, PA, USA 2018, Page 509, ISBN 9781522554844
Zuckerman, Ethan. "How citizen surveillance could reform a broken American police system". MIT Technology Review.
Alloing, Camille (2016). La sousveillance. Vers un renseignement ordinaire ?. Hermès. pp. 68–76.
Durand, Corentin (2018-01-18). "Application Reporty : la Mairie de Nice va demander le retrait des mouchards dans son application - Politique - Numerama". Numerama (in French).
"Cinq questions pour tout savoir sur Reporty, la nouvelle appli sécurité qui fait polémique à Nice". Nice-Matin (in French). 2018-01-20.
Related concepts:
Concepts related to surveillance and sousveillance include some of the other veillances such as:
